In an era of heavier vehicles, rising torque loads and ever-larger wheel diameters, the tyre-wheel assembly (TWA) has quietly become one of the most critical systems influencing vehicle safety, durability and perceived quality. Yet for most consumers, it remains entirely invisible. According to Luc De Bruyne, OEM tyre-wheel assembly R&D specialist in the Department of Manufacturing and Innovation at Eurofit, that invisibility is precisely why the industry underestimates its importance.

Based in Zaventem, Belgium, the company operates as a high-precision service supplier for tyre–wheel assembly, focused on passenger cars and light trucks in the European market. It runs a network of 16 factories, supported by around 900 employees, and delivers a full set of assembly and logistics services. With an annual capacity of roughly 20 million tyre–wheel assemblies, production is supplied to more than 25 OEM locations across Europe.

From an OEM perspective, De Bruyne argues that tyre-wheel assembly can no longer be treated as a simple fitment task. “Due to the increase of load and power transmission of the cars, a correct seating of the tyre bead is more sensitive. The increased bead tension can result in a damaged tyre during mounting, which isn’t visible at the outside. A damaged bead can result in leakages and low-pressure during driving, which is a high risk of a safety issue during high-speed driving. In other words, what appears externally acceptable may already be compromised internally,” he explains.

This growing complexity is not adequately addressed by existing standards. While ETRTO, ISO, ASTM and JASO regulate individual components, there is no global standard governing the assembled wheel. In practice, this means quality depends heavily on internal OEM processes. As De Bruyne notes, “A TWA assembler must mount the components together with no damages to the product and the lowest level of risk of vibration on the car.” To achieve this, Eurofit and its partners develop internal process references with machine suppliers, such as mountability and integrity tests used to qualify new wheels. When a non-OK status is detected, suppliers are informed, and if no solution is found, components may be replaced entirely.

The business is structured as a longstanding 50:50 joint venture between Michelin and Continental, established in 1996. This partnership combines the technological depth, quality standards and global experience of two of the world’s leading tyre manufacturers. The JV structure underpins strong process discipline, continuous improvement and long-term stability for OEM customers.

The technical challenge intensifies as wheel sizes increase and tyre profiles become lower. Larger diameters bring not only harsher ride characteristics but also tighter tolerances across mounting, uniformity and balancing. De Bruyne outlines a suite of measures now required for high-performance wheels: checking rim run-out and match points to filter supplier deviations; guiding the tyre bead diagonally to reduce mounting forces; matching components to lower total uniformity (TU) levels; optimising bead seat geometry; measuring complete wheel run-out to achieve what he calls the ‘perfect circle’ and correcting balance through final audit controls linked to vehicle sensitivity. The payoff is clear – less vibration of a wheel results in a longer lifetime of the tyres and suspension system of the car.

The contrast between OEM-assembled wheels and typical aftermarket replacements remains stark. In Europe, De Bruyne identifies two aftermarket models. The first involves high-volume industrial assembly of wheel kits – often winter packages – using processes similar to OEM plants. “We recommend to order wheels from such entity to receive an upper grade quality level compared with the garage machine assemblers,” he says. The second model is the small local tyre shop, where limitations are far more pronounced. These workshops often use grade 2 or 3 tyres rather than the grade 1 tyres supplied to OEMs, apply grease-based lubricants forbidden in Tier 1 environments, rely on manual mounting without force control, inflate tyres without proper bead seat techniques and balance wheels on single machines without controlling clamping-device influence. “The manual mounting approach can result in a higher risk of vibration/sound level of the wheels to the car/driver/passenger,” De Bruyne warns. For OEMs, the objective is clear: the first test drive of a new car must feel fundamentally different from that of a used one.

Electrification has further raised the stakes. Higher torque loads and quieter powertrains mean that any wheel-induced vibration is far more noticeable. “Observation of increase of torque load on cars results in increase of tyre bead tension,” De Bruyne explains, along with higher surface roughness requirements on rim bead edges. Assembly processes now demand stricter control of mounting forces and higher-energy inflation using inflator bells. After inflation, micro bead correction is required to ensure full contact and maximise friction. Lubrication, meanwhile, must leave no residual grease, as this could allow bead slip under extreme acceleration or braking.

Eurofit’s position as an industrial service provider rather than a component manufacturer reflects broader shifts in vehicle production. A generation ago, car manufacturers assembled most parts themselves. “Due to the increase of complexity and need of assembling volume and faster cycle time of cars, a lot of key-assembling activities are outsourced,” De Bruyne says. This has freed space within vehicle plants, increased model variants and created demand for specialist know-how. Tier 1 component suppliers now deliver globally to wheel assembly plants located close to OEMs, enabling just-in-time supply with greater flexibility.

Logistics has evolved accordingly. Classic JIT lines are increasingly supplemented – or replaced – by batch production, sequencing centres and high-bay warehouses. De Bruyne describes specialised processes that keep wheels sequenced all the way to the OEM, including racks and trailers with walking-floor systems for direct unloading. Over the past 20 years, the explosion in variants has driven major upgrades in logistics software and product traceability. Such systems require constant monitoring and rapid deviation management to avoid production stoppages at the customer.

Despite all this, wheel assembly remains largely invisible to consumers – at least for now. De Bruyne believes this may change as EVs become dominant. With fewer vibration sources from engines and transmissions, wheel-induced disturbances move ‘on the horizon’, particularly as XL tyres and extreme sizes – up to 25 inches – enter production. Some manufacturers, he notes, are already upgrading assembly specifications in response to negative customer feedback on ride performance.

Replicating OEM-level quality outside factory environments remains difficult. OEM assemblers must meet manufacturer-specific specifications that are neither public nor economically viable for most aftermarket operations. While some garage-machine suppliers now offer optional TU, run-out and matching functions, De Bruyne is blunt: accuracy, repeatability and production speed remain poor, and costs are high. Where large aftermarket organisations adopt industrial processes for volume reasons, conditions may resemble OEMs, but ‘the difference is the respect of process limits’, which are typically broader and not tied to a single vehicle programme.

Balancing tolerances illustrate the point. OEM plants may work to residual imbalances as low as two grammes, while many workshops accept eight to 15 grammes. Whether a driver notices depends on vehicle sensitivity, but the physics are unforgiving. “Imbalance vibrations can increase very fast when the speed is going up due to the exponential behaviour,” De Bruyne notes. Lower residual imbalance always reduces TU vibration risk.

Automation is transforming the assembly line, yet human expertise remains central. Practical assembler knowledge is increasingly embedded into software, statistical process controls, cameras, sensors and AI systems. “The key-knowledge is the teacher of such equipment and less the production operator on the line,” De Bruyne observes, underscoring a shift from manual skill to process intelligence.

Convincing OEM decision-makers to invest in this hidden discipline relies on data. Carmakers increasingly use market feedback tools, such as J.D. Power studies, tracking performance from delivery through the first year of ownership. This feedback drives Tier 1 suppliers to adjust processes in pursuit of customer satisfaction. Internal rejections between OEMs and wheel assemblers can also trigger upgrades, particularly when Tier 2 suppliers across global plants struggle with consistency. “Over the last 30 years, numerous additional optional processes have been introduced in the wheel assembly industry. While tyre shops may be aware of these processes, the high cost of the required equipment has often made it difficult to turn them into a viable business model,” De Bruyne concludes.

For an industry obsessed with powertrains, software and styling, tyre-wheel assembly may remain out of sight – but, as De Bruyne makes clear, it is increasingly central to how a vehicle feels, performs, and ultimately, how a brand is judged.

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!

Nokian Tyres has announced the promotion of Tiina Frazer to Senior Vice President of Brand, Marketing and Communications, effective 1 August 2026. In addition to her new executive role, she will join the company’s Management Team, operating from the headquarters in Helsinki, Finland, and reporting directly to President and CEO Paolo Pompei.

Frazer originally joined the Finnish tyre manufacturer in September 2025 as Vice President for the same functional area. Her professional background includes a tenure as Vice President of Brands and Marketing at HKFoods Finland Oy, along with prior senior leadership roles at Lumene, Roche Pharmaceuticals and Fiskars, bringing extensive cross-industry experience to her expanded responsibilities.

Paolo Pompei, President and CEO, Nokian Tyres, said, “I am delighted to welcome Tiina to the Nokian Tyres Management Team. Her experience in building impactful brands make her an excellent addition to our team as we continue to strengthen our premium position in our key markets.”

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!

Fornnax Technology has taken a decisive step to strengthen its European footprint by formalising a service partnership with industry veteran Lukas Baur of NOBA Maschinenservice. The agreement, ratified by company CEO Jignesh Kundaria, transitions the Indian manufacturer’s support model from remote coordination to an on-the-ground operational presence. This strategic alignment is designed to address the growing demand for immediate technical intervention across the continent’s recycling sector.

Based in Worbis, Germany, Baur commands a fully integrated service infrastructure that includes a 1,000-square-metre workshop fitted with a 5-tonne crane system, a dedicated hydraulic bay and specialised tooling for bearing replacements. His mobile response unit comprises 12 Mercedes Sprinter vans and a workforce of 24 certified technicians, enabling rapid deployment across a 1,000-kilometre radius. This setup guarantees that Fornnax customers can expect emergency assistance within 24 hours of a service call.

Baur’s professional history spans over 20 years of hands-on work with prominent shredder brands such as Eldan, Lindner and Vecoplan, giving him intimate knowledge of the operational challenges faced by European plant operators. His decision to join forces with Fornnax was driven by the manufacturer’s distinctive combination of competitive pricing, rugged construction and advanced wear-resistant engineering. He recognised that the current market turbulence – marked by tight margins, postponed capital expenditures and a dwindling labour pool – demanded a partnership capable of delivering both technical depth and logistical speed.

Under the new arrangement, Baur assumes full responsibility for the entire equipment lifecycle, covering system commissioning, scheduled upkeep, urgent breakdown recovery and the supply of mechanical, hydraulic and electrical components. He has also expressed a long-term vision to transform his Worbis facility into a regional spare parts consolidation centre, particularly if Fornnax opts to stock inventory at that location. To match anticipated growth, he plans to augment his fleet and technician count by two to three units annually.

This collaboration signals Fornnax’s broader commitment to building a dedicated European service network rather than relying on generalized support structures. With Baur’s proven capabilities now formally integrated, the company aims to deliver faster resolution times and technically nuanced assistance that aligns with the high-throughput demands of modern recycling operations. The partnership ultimately positions Fornnax as a formidable contender in the European shredding equipment landscape, with service excellence as its cornerstone.

Jignesh Kundaria, Director and CEO, Fornnax, said, "We strongly believe that by continuously improving our service quality and customer satisfaction index, we can build long-term relationships with our customers. Higher customer satisfaction leads to greater trust, which significantly increases repeat orders and ultimately drives sustained growth in our sales revenue."

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!

Apollo Tyres is accelerating investments in manufacturing technology, artificial intelligence and international expansion as the company seeks to strengthen its position in premium tyre markets while expanding its global production footprint.

The tyre maker said its long-term strategy, branded Momentum 2.0, is centred on financial discipline, product premiumisation, manufacturing expansion and sustainability, following a year in which it outperformed the industry across several segments and delivered strong international revenue growth.

The company has reinforced its global manufacturing network, operating six manufacturing facilities across India and Hungary and two global R&D centres in Chennai and the Netherlands. Its products are now sold in more than 100 countries, supported by continued investments in research, development and an expanding global distribution network.

Apollo is also increasing investment in digital manufacturing, describing technology as a key driver of future competitiveness. During FY26, the company rolled out its Advanced Manufacturing Execution System (AMES) across major manufacturing plants, enabling real-time production monitoring, end-to-end traceability and greater integration between factory operations and enterprise systems.

To accelerate digital transformation, Apollo established a dedicated AI Innovation Unit that is developing artificial intelligence and machine-learning applications for manufacturing, engineering and business operations. The company said generative AI and agentic AI assistants are being deployed to improve simulations, operational planning and enterprise-wide decision-making, positioning AI as a core element of future factory operations.

Research and development remains another strategic investment priority. Apollo said it invested INR 460.87 million in R&D during FY26 while establishing advanced DoJo Centres at its Chennai and Andhra Pradesh facilities to strengthen engineering capabilities and accelerate product innovation.

International manufacturing continues to underpin Apollo's export ambitions. The company's Gyöngyöshalász plant in Hungary has become a strategic hub for serving European markets, allowing Apollo to manufacture closer to customers while strengthening supply-chain resilience amid evolving global trade dynamics.

Management said Europe remains a key growth market, particularly in premium passenger car tyres, while North America offers opportunities through higher-value products. During the year, Apollo expanded its dealer network by adding more than 250 dealers across the United States and Canada, strengthening distribution for the Vredestein brand and improving access to replacement markets.

Despite ongoing geopolitical uncertainty, energy price volatility and changing trade policies, Apollo said it would continue investing in innovation, operational efficiency and manufacturing excellence rather than slowing capital deployment.

Looking ahead, the company said it will maintain a disciplined capital allocation strategy while continuing investments in product innovation, brand building, manufacturing efficiency and digital transformation, with a strong focus on improving return on capital employed and supporting sustainable long-term growth in both domestic and export markets.

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!

CEAT will invest about INR 12.05 billion to expand its manufacturing capacity by roughly 53,000 tyres a day over the next five years, as the RPG Group company prepares for sustained demand growth while reporting a weaker first-quarter profit.

The investment, which will be implemented in phases through the end of FY2031, will be financed through a mix of internal accruals and debt. The expansion comes as CEAT's existing manufacturing facilities are operating at around 95 percent capacity utilisation, with the company stating that production at its Nagpur two-wheeler tyre plant is approaching full utilisation. The additional capacity could be created through greenfield and/or brownfield expansion, depending on internal assessments.

The capital expenditure announcement accompanied CEAT's results for the quarter ended June 30, which reflected resilient revenue growth but pressure on profitability.

Standalone revenue from operations rose 18.2 percent year on year to INR 41.63 billion, from INR 35.21 billion a year earlier. However, net profit declined 27.4 percent to INR 980 million, compared with INR1.35 billion in the corresponding quarter last year. Profit before tax fell to INR 1.32 billion from INR 1.81 billion.

Material costs increased sharply to INR 28.80 billion from INR 22.39 billion a year earlier, reflecting continued input cost pressures, while finance costs and depreciation also rose. Total expenses increased to INR 40.46 billion, compared with INR 33.63 billion in the year-earlier period.

Comments (0)

ADD COMMENT

Link Copied!