The tyre industry is navigating a transformative phase, driven by evolving regulations, environmental priorities and advanced vehicle technologies. At the helm of this change in India is the International Centre for Automotive Technology (ICAT), which is aiding manufacturers in meeting current standards while preparing them for future global requirements.

The tyre industry is undergoing a dynamic shift, shaped by evolving regulations, sustainability goals and technological advancements. As one of India’s premier automotive testing bodies, the International Centre for Automotive Technology (ICAT) aims to play a crucial role in enabling manufacturers to adapt to these changes. It wants to not only meet the current needs but is also investing in ensuring that tyre makers in India are able to keep up with global future trends.

In recent years, tyre testing has seen significant changes, especially with the introduction of new regulations such as AIS 142 in 2024. These regulations have set the benchmark for tyre performance in India, compelling tyre makers to align their products with evolving standards.

“In 2024, the AIS 142 tyre performance regulation was introduced into Indian regulations. As Indian tyre regulations are rapidly evolving, the tyre industry must stay abreast of these changes,” says Saurabh Dalela, Director, ICAT.

At present ICAT is helping tyre makers meet the AIS 142 requirements, including rolling resistance, rolling sound emission and wet grip index measurements. But going forward, it is investing for future testing to cover broader areas such as STAR labelling, worn-out tyre performance and Tyre and Road Wear Particles (TRWP) emissions. This, it says, aligns with global trends, particularly in Europe, where further stringent regulations on tyre emissions are expected by 2029.

Then there is the trend of electric and alternative energy vehicles, which is also influencing testing needs. These vehicles demand tyres that can handle unique challenges, such as higher torque and quieter operations. Although Dalela notes that certification requirements for these vehicles remain unchanged, he acknowledges the growing importance of TRWP emissions, stating, “Tyre and Road Wear Particles (TRWP) may become increasingly significant for these types of vehicles.”

Capabilities and future expansion

ICAT’s tyre testing facilities are extensive, offering services ranging from endurance and load-speed performance tests to rolling resistance and wet grip index measurements. These capabilities support the industry’s diverse needs, including BIS certification and STAR labelling, both of which are crucial for compliance with national and international standards.

Highlighting its current offerings, Dalela explains, “Currently, ICAT has tyre test facilities for the following tests: Endurance Test, Load Speed Performance Test, Plunger Test/Strength Test, Bead Unseating Test, Dynamic Growth Test, Rolling Resistance Test, Rolling Sound Emission Test, Wet Grip Index Measurement Test, Mu-slip Benchmarking Test, Fuel Economy Benchmarking Test, STAR labelling and BIS certification.”

Looking ahead, ICAT is planning significant upgrades and expansions to its facilities. This includes adding two new tyre traction trailers for wet grip and benchmarking tests, establishing a BIS regulatory test facility for cycle tyres and tubes and upgrading endurance and rolling resistance machines.

Furthermore, ICAT aims to achieve ISO 17025 (NABL) accreditation for global regulations, enabling Indian manufacturers to meet international standards. These advancements reflect the agency’s proactive approach to addressing the future needs of the tyre industry.

He further acknowledges the growing importance of environmental concerns, particularly tyre emissions and particulate matter testing. While these capabilities are not currently part of its portfolio, he reveals, “We are exploring opportunities to add such facilities in the future,” signalling ICAT’s commitment to sustainability.

Challenges facing tyre makers

Despite the progress in testing and regulations, tyre manufacturers in India face several challenges. A significant hurdle is aligning with European standards, which often do not account for the unique characteristics of the Indian market. BIAS tyres, for example, initially struggled to meet European-derived performance requirements, prompting adjustments to Indian regulations.

 

Material costs and availability add another layer of complexity. Natural rubber, a key raw material, is subject to price volatility and high import duties, significantly increasing production costs. As Dalela notes, “The availability and cost of natural rubber, a crucial raw material, pose significant challenges. High import duties on raw materials further increase production costs.”

Additionally, the rising demand for unique tyre sizes, driven by the diverse range of vehicles in the Indian market, presents difficulties in development and testing. Testing facilities for these uncommon sizes are often unavailable, further complicating the process.

The lack of a formal tyre recycling or scrapping mechanism is another pressing issue. With the growing volume of discarded tyres, the absence of environmentally friendly disposal methods poses a significant challenge. Dalela’s insights highlight the need for innovation in this area. “Tyre scrapping also presents a significant challenge, as there is no proper method for scrapping or recycling tyres,” he adds.

It is important to understand that the tyre industry stands at the confluence of regulatory demands, sustainability goals and market challenges. Dalela is optimistic that ICAT’s comprehensive testing services and forward-looking initiatives will be instrumental in enabling manufacturers to navigate this complex landscape. From ensuring compliance with AIS 142 to preparing for emerging trends such as TRWP emissions and tyre labelling, the agency aims to be a leading partner to drive the future of tyre testing in India.

With planned expansions and upgrades, ICAT looks to be well positioned to support the tyre industry’s journey towards excellence and global competitiveness. As the tyre industry continues to adapt to the regulatory and customer needs, Dalela is confident of ICAT’s role as a vital partner in driving progress.

Radar Tires has appointed industry veteran Paul Stahoviak as its new Territory Sales Manager for North America. In this strategic role, Stahoviak will spearhead the expansion of Radar's Midwest operations while developing the company's premium Radar Elite Dealer (RED) network. The automotive expert brings four decades of experience working with leading manufacturers and retailers to this position.

Radar Tires has achieved remarkable growth in recent years through continuous product innovation and progressive business strategies. Since entering the US market in 2006, the company has also built a reputation for corporate social responsibility, contributing millions to meaningful initiatives such as breast cancer awareness. By combining high-performance tyres with a commitment to purpose-driven business practices, Radar continues to strengthen its position in the competitive tyre industry.

Rob Montasser, Vice President of Radar Tire, North America, said, “Paul’s deep knowledge of the industry, combined with his relentless energy and positive attitude, makes him a great addition to the Radar team. His longstanding relationships and reputation for excellence will help us continue building strong partnerships and expanding our footprint across the Midwest.”

Stahoviak said, “I’m excited to join Radar Tires and help drive the growth of this great brand. I’m passionate about building lasting relationships with our partners and helping our brand succeed in the marketplace.”

As vehicle emissions regulations evolve, the lack of global uniformity is becoming a growing concern for OEMs and tyre manufacturers. With disparate standards across regions, companies are forced to navigate a complex regulatory maze, straining research and development and production resources. The shift towards electric mobility coupled with heightened focus on non-tailpipe emissions, such as tyre and brake abrasion, further amplifies the need for harmonised frameworks. Industry leaders including Audi’s Sebastian Gramstat argue that collaboration across borders and sectors is essential not just for compliance but for meaningful progress in sustainability and innovation.

Tyre regulations are rules and standards established to ensure that tyres used on vehicles meet safety, environmental and performance criteria. The impetus on new and updated regulations is also growing across regions to reduce pollution brought about by tyre abrasion, rolling noise etc.

The ECE R30, ECE R117, EU Tyre Labelling Regulation (2020/740), which is implemented within the European countries, or JIS Standards of Japan, CCC Certification of China, AIS 142 and BIS Certification of India and FMVSS, DOT Code and UTQG of the United States are different region-specific regulations aiming for a same outcome.

But the vastness of these regulations poses as a challenge for automobile OEMs and tyre makers alike as a lot of energy and resources have to be diverted within production and research and development lines to meet these standards.

Furthermore, the advancement of electric mobility and changes in vehicle dynamics are also slated to impose new regulations worldwide. Hence, the need for a uniform regulation has become a precondition.

Speaking to Tyre Trends on the need for uniform regulations, Dr Sebastian Gramstat, Senior Expert Development Brake System, Audi AG, averred, “Our company delivers products globally and having a unified standard is far more efficient than navigating a patchwork of regional requirements and regulations. Harmonisation brings clear operational and strategic advantages. That’s why we actively support and participate in standardisation and harmonisation working groups.”

“The European Union is involved through bodies such as the Joint Research Centre (JRC), but we also recognise the unique demands of other markets, particularly the US, where customer expectations can diverge significantly. These are often beyond the immediate scope of EU regulators. Our role is to help connect these dots by facilitating dialogue, sharing insights and contributing to building a global standard that benefits the entire ecosystem. We believe this collaborative approach is not only useful but essential to moving the industry forward,” he added.

The need for uniformity is exacerbated as OEMs and tyre makers continuously amp up research and development efforts to curb noise and air pollution from tyres. “Noise pollution, particulate matter or overall tyre wear remains a challenge. And the first step to tackle it is collaboration to develop a standardised method for accurately measuring tyre abrasion and wear. We are also working on such collaborations. Without reliable quantification, you can’t evaluate whether any mitigation measure is actually effective,” said Dr Gramstat.

He added, “This method needs to be robust, applicable across a wide range of real-world scenarios and globally accepted. That’s why we’re collaborating not only with industry partners and academia but also with regulatory authorities. This effort is taking place under the auspices of the United Nations and involves close coordination with national bodies, ministries and the European Commission. The goal is to ensure that the methodology we develop isn’t just technically sound but also internationally harmonised with Euro 7 regulations and integrated into UN regulations so it can be implemented consistently across Europe, North America, Asia and beyond.”

THE EURO 7

Tyres are a crucial component of overall vehicle design to the extent that many OEMs have dedicated in-house departments focused solely on tyre development, including Audi AG. While tyres aren’t developed in isolation, the process involves close collaboration with manufacturers to meet specific, often bespoke, requirements. These custom specifications ensure the tyre aligns with the car’s performance targets and regulatory demands including type approval.

When selecting a tyre, OEMs weigh multiple parameters; safety, performance and comfort are chief among them. But increasingly, attention is also given to sustainability and economy. Factors like tyre abrasion, longevity and fuel efficiency are becoming just as critical, particularly as regulatory frameworks begin to formalise such requirements.

Ultimately, the process involves balancing trade-offs. As Dr Gramstat put it, no tyre can deliver 100 percent on every metric. The goal is to find the best possible compromise – one that supports a premium product and meets both regulatory standards and consumer expectations.

Euro 7 is the upcoming EU vehicle emissions regulation set to take effect from 2025 for cars and vans and 2027 for trucks and buses. It introduces stricter limits on nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and particulate emissions, covering both combustion and electric vehicles.

It also regulates brake and tyre emissions and requires compliance under real driving conditions. It aims to cut air pollution, support the European Green Deal and standardise emission rules across vehicle types.

Alluding to whether the industry is ready to adopt the regulation, Dr Gramstat noted, “The industry is well-positioned for adoption. The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation (ETRTO) plays a central role in coordinating the efforts of tyre manufacturers across the continent, including legacy European brands and Asian manufacturers, with research and development and production facilities in Europe. Beyond Europe, we’re seeing strong international engagement. U.S. Tire Manufacturers Association (USTMA) is actively involved, and on the global standards side, ISO is working in parallel to develop the necessary technical frameworks. Stakeholders from China are also contributing significantly. This is no longer just a regional conversation but a truly global initiative. Experts from continents are collaborating to align regulatory, technical and industrial priorities, ensuring the tyre industry is prepared to meet the evolving demands of Euro 7 and beyond.”

Further outlining the impact of the regulation, he said, “Tyre manufacturers have largely operated under internal benchmarks for metrics like mileage and abrasion till date. Euro 7 represents a shift towards formal regulation, creating a harmonised framework that applies to the entire industry. This will undoubtedly influence existing design priorities. There’s a complex interplay between various tyre performance criteria such as wet grip, rolling resistance, noise and abrasion. Regulatory limits on one can impact the others, so the challenge will be to minimise trade-offs while maintaining overall performance. At this stage, it’s difficult to offer a one-size-fits-all answer. The impact will vary depending on vehicle type.”

REPLACEMENTS

Premium automobile OEMs like Audi have been using tyres from premium European tyre makers for decades. But as the status of Asian manufacturers changes, there might be room for such companies within the supply chain of premium car makers.

“At the end of the day, it’s not about the brand label but meeting the technical and performance specifications we define. Whether a supplier operates in the premium or high-volume segment, what matters is its ability to fulfil our requirements. If a manufacturer can meet those benchmarks and is willing to collaborate and co-develop with us, then they’re absolutely welcome. Competition in the supplier landscape is a positive force. It drives innovation, efficiency and ultimately better outcomes for the end consumer. We believe valuable ideas can come from any corner of the market and we’re open to partners who share our commitment to quality, performance and progress,” said Dr Gramstat.

He also acknowledged that there is a growing trend within the company to include tyres made from renewable and recycled materials. “The move towards sustainable materials is more than a marketing exercise. It’s becoming embedded in product development strategies across the industry. We’re already seeing recycled content being integrated into certain product lines, and the ambition from suppliers to scale this up is very real. What’s encouraging is that this isn’t limited to one-off pilot products. There’s genuine momentum towards making sustainability a core part of tyre manufacturing. For us, this aligns with our broader sustainability goals, and we see it as a critical area of innovation moving forward,” said Dr Gramstat.

However, the executive emphasised the importance of maintaining a balance too. According to him, sustainability is just one of several key factors in vehicle design while others include safety, comfort, performance and cost. He stressed that no single aspect, including sustainability, could come at the expense of another.

To meet these multi-dimensional goals, additional research and development efforts are required to create a product that meets safety and performance standards while also addressing environmental concerns. Economy remains a consideration as well. Internal research conducted under a European-funded project suggested that customers are, in fact, willing to pay a premium for more sustainable products but only up to a point. Price sensitivity remains a limiting factor.

Turning towards next-generation tyre concepts such as airless tyres, Dr Gramstat noted that innovative ideas like this were once viewed as distant possibilities but are now gaining traction. He cited the LEON-TI project from four years ago, in which airless tyre prototypes were first explored. Since then, similar concepts have been tested by various companies, including in pilot programmes for commercial delivery fleets in Asia.

Although these innovations show promise, particularly for reducing noise emissions and improving durability, they are still in advanced development stages.

THE FUTURE IS CHANGING

As the automotive industry moves towards electrification, the conversation around ‘zero-emission’ vehicles is evolving. Dr Gramstat acknowledged that while electric vehicles eliminate tailpipe emissions, other sources of pollution such as brake and tyre abrasion remain unaddressed in regulatory terms.

Currently, there are no standardised methods for measuring particulate emissions from these sources, but the industry is actively working on it. According to the executive, regulatory bodies and stakeholders are collaborating to develop measurement frameworks. Once these standards are in place, automakers will be able to quantify non-tailpipe emissions and provide a more accurate assessment of a vehicle’s overall environmental footprint.

The executive stressed that collaboration across the value chain is essential, especially between vehicle manufacturers and tyre companies. Such partnerships already exist within serial and advanced development efforts, including participation in the United Nations’ GRBP task force, which brings together manufacturers, tyre associations and regulators to advance tyre abrasion standards.

Weight reduction remains another key challenge. Automakers continue to look for ways to decrease vehicle mass but face constraints. Safety regulations now require more sensors and electronic control units (ECUs), which cumulatively increase vehicle weight. Although each component adds little individually, the growing number of sensors and accompanying wiring has a significant cumulative impact.

As for tyre development, the question of smart tyre was also addressed. While such technology offers valuable insights during research and development phases, Dr Gramstat expressed scepticism about its near-term viability for mass-market vehicles.

In a major step toward sustainable waste management, RPM Automotive Group has partnered with Fornnax to enhance its tyre recycling capabilities in Australia.

As part of the initiative, RPM has integrated Fornnax’s high-capacity SR-200 HD primary shredder into its operations, significantly improving recycling efficiency and material quality.

The collaboration supports RPM’s broader environmental goals and positions the company to process over 180 tonnes of used tyres weekly, with plans to scale beyond 300 tonnes. The move is expected to help RPM capture up to 5 percent of Australia’s national market share in tyre recycling.

Jignesh Kundaria, Director and CEO, Fornnax, said, "At Fornnax, we understand the urgency of addressing end-of-life tyre waste, not just in Australia but globally. The SR-200 HD Primary Shredder is designed for exceptional efficiency, enabling RPM to process vast quantities of discarded tyres while maintaining optimal operational performance. This collaboration showcases our dedication to providing our clients with the robust, high-performance solutions they need to excel in the circular economy."

RPM’s 3,500 sqmt facility not only boosts recycling output but also transforms waste tyres into rubber-based materials for road projects and industrial fuel. Leveraging its distribution network, the company aims to recycle up to 54,000 tonnes of tyres over five years.

The initiative aligns with Australia’s 2021 ban on tyre waste exports and underscores the urgent need for local recycling solutions.

Birla Tyre has launched a new brand identity featuring a redesigned logo and corporate website, marking a major step in its transformation journey under new ownership. The company, now backed by a consortium led by Dalmia Bharat Refractories (DBRL) as Resolution Applicant, and strategic partner Himadri Speciality Chemical (HSCL), aims to position itself as a premium, high-performance and future-ready brand.

The company plans to roll out a multi-platform marketing campaign and focus on re-entering key markets, expanding distribution and strengthening its product portfolio.

The refreshed identity reflects Birla Tyre’s renewed focus on speed, innovation and excellence. The new logo includes a custom wordmark symbolising forward motion and a tiger motif – called ‘Tyger’ – representing power, agility and leadership. The blue and orange colour scheme signifies trust and optimism.

Anurag Choudhary, Chairman and Managing Director & CEO, Himadri Speciality Chemical, said, “This rebranding is more than merely a visual transformation; it is a reaffirmation of our dedication to purposeful development and progress.” 

Dr Chandra Narain Maheswari, Whole Time Director & CEO, Dalmia Bharat Refractories, said, “Our new logo encapsulates the essence of Birla Tyre, which is founded on four fundamental pillars: a legacy that motivates boldness, a product line that is prepared for the future, an unwavering commitment to continuous innovation and a oneness with world around us. As this new identity signals Birla Tyre’s readiness to meet the evolving needs of the automotive industry with energy, innovation, and purpose.”