Ethylene propylene copolymer (EPM), or a terpolymer with a diene (EPDM), is a type of synthetic rubber, which is characterised by a wide range of applications. The ‘E’ letter refers to ethylene, ‘P’ to propylene and ‘D’ to diene and ‘M’ refers to a kind of monomer with respect to its classification in ASTM standard D-1418. The M class includes rubbers having a saturated chain of the polymethylene type.

EPDM rubber, therefore, is a terpolymer of ethylene,propylene and a diene-component and the Dienes currently used in the manufacture of EPDM rubbers are dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), ethylidene norbornene (ENB) and vinyl norbornene (VNB). Hexadiene (HD) is rarely being used in making EPDM these days.

The ethylene and propylene monomers combine to form a chemically saturated, stable polymer backbone providing excellent heat, oxidation, ozone and weather aging. A third, nonconjugated diene monomer is terpolymerized in a controlled manner to maintain a saturated backbone and place the reactive unsaturation in a side chain available for vulcanization or polymer modification chemistry.

The two most widely used diene termonomers are primarily ethylidene norbornene (ENB) followed by dicyclopentadiene (DCPD).Each diene incorporates with a different tendency for introducing long chain branching or polymer side chains that influence processing and rates of vulcanization by sulfur or peroxide cures. Generally, ENB type is better heat resistant than DCPD type. Peroxide cure EPDM, boosted with coagents provide better heat resistant than sulphur/accelerator cured EPDM.

This polymer is the most water resistant rubber available, and this resistance is maintained to high temperatures (up to 180°C in steam with peroxide cured compound). The highest temperature resistance is achieved by using peroxide cured grades. It is thus used extensively under water cables (sea water as well). Before EPDM, Chloprene rubber (CR) was extensively used wherever weather resistance properties were important. Upon discovery of EPDM in 1963 , it quickly took over existing weather resistant market of Chloroprene rubber (CR).

Ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM) is one of the most widely used and highly-developing synthetic rubbers. EPDM business will reach US 6.9 b $ by end 1Q,2020. Currently, their total capacity is about 1.65m ton/ Yr. and it takes the third place in the world synthetic rubber consumption after styrene-butadiene and butadiene rubber. As of August 2019, there are 15 big companies in the world that produce EPDM.

In order to present a competitive landscape of the global EPDM market, key market players are witnessed as LANXESS AG (Germany), ExxonMobil Chemical (U.S.), Dow Elastomer (U.S.), Mitsui Chemical (Japan), Kumho Polychem (South Korea), Lion Copolymer (U.S.), Versalis (Italy), JSR Corporation (Japan), Jilin Chemical (China), SK Global Chemical (Japan), Nizhnekamsk Neftekhim Inc (Russia), and Sumitomo Chemical Company Ltd (Japan) have been profiled. With a huge number of EPDM manufacturers worldwide and with a number of different grades by each of these manufacturers, EPDM is one of the versatile elastomer in India now . EPDM has different grades in the industry based on :

• Mooney viscosity
• Type of diene content
• Percentage mole of diene content and
• Ethylene propylene ratio
• Bimodal Type

With current increase in EPDM uses , India now badly need EPDM manufacturing plant to protect its foreign currency. Another important application India need is compulsory application of EPDM based Roofing in rainy states to protect against damage of multistory buildings (Mumbai). EPDM has been used as a covering to waterproof roofing in western countries, Japan, China, Taiwan and countries in South East Asia. Major applications of EPDM are :

• Other than automobile glass-run channels, EPDM is also used in radiators, garden and appliance hose, tubing, pond liners, washers, belts, electrical insulation, vibrators, O-rings, solar panel heat collectors and speaker cone surrounds.
• It is also used as a medium for water resistance in electrical cable-jointing, geomembranes, rubber mechanical goods, plastic impact modification, thermoplastic etc.
• EPDM is used as blends in Butyl rubber for Inner-tube application.
• EPDM is used in PC side wall , black or white. Extensively used in color BC tyres for children.
• EPDM roofing is very popular in developed countries.
• With EPDM Roofing membranes rainwater harvesting is also very popular. EPDM roofing does not pollute the run-off rainwater.

Rubber roofing has the benefit that it does not pollute the runoff rain water. Water could be used for personal sanitation / gardenining / hygiene. White oil may be the best processing oil. They are manufactured in the form of calendared sheet and covered with a plastic such that its application on floor is easy upon removal of plastic and then they are applied in roof floor. EPDM rubber sheet can be installed either fully adhered, mechanically attached or ballasted, with the seams of the roofing system sealed with liquid adhesives or specially formulated tape. EPDM Waterproof Roofing system has delivered more than six decades of commercial roofing success by building upon a heritage of innovation in rubber polymer technology.

Dr Samir Majumdar, Rubber Consultant (India & Asia pacific), has served in leading tyre companies like JK Tyre, Kyoto Japan Tire, among others. He was technical and R&D head (Asia Pacific) in ExxonMobil. He has authored several research papers and technical books. smajumdar501234@yahoo.co.in

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Indorama Advanced Oxides, a subsidiary of Indorama Corporation, has successfully restarted production at Huelva facility in Spain, achieving its first tonne of Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂) output. The plant, which has an annual capacity of 80,000 tonnes, represents the company’s strategic entry into the global titanium dioxide market. This milestone follows Indorama’s recent completion of the site acquisition from Venator P&A Spain.

The restart marks a crucial step in returning the facility to full operation after the acquisition, ensuring continued supply of the essential white pigment to customers across Europe and global markets. The Huelva team demonstrated strong collaboration and safe execution in resuming activities. This white pigment remains critical for the European paints, coatings and plastics industries.

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Synthos, recognised as Europe’s foremost synthetic rubber producer and a global leader in solution styrene butadiene rubber, has secured the EcoVadis Gold Medal once again. The company, also a top European manufacturer of expanded polystyrene, continues to rank among the world’s most sustainable businesses.

The 2026 assessment placed Synthos in the 97th percentile, with its highest marks received in labour rights, human rights, ethics and environmental stewardship. This achievement underscores steady advancement across multiple sustainability fronts and highlights a sustained dedication to responsible expansion and continuous innovation.

EcoVadis operates as a premier global evaluator of corporate sustainability, judging firms on environmental impact, social responsibility, ethical conduct and supply chain management using international standards. The Gold Medal’s annual renewal demands that Synthos consistently remain within the top three percent of all rated companies worldwide.

This recognition affirms that Synthos’ sustainability measures are both persistent and methodical. The company supports its long-range climate and circular economy goals through participation in the UN Global Compact and reporting aligned with ESRS and GRI standards. Synthos will keep leveraging EcoVadis feedback to refine future priorities and advance its ongoing sustainability journey.

Agata Gładysz-Stańczyk, CEO, Synthos, said, “Receiving the EcoVadis Gold Medal again confirms the importance of sustainability within our strategy and the commitment of Synthos teams across all locations. While we are proud of this achievement, we also see sustainability as a continuous journey. It is embedded in how we innovate, how we operate, and how we create value for our customers, employees, partners and communities. This recognition encourages us to continue strengthening our ambitions and driving further progress.”

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The Rubber Board Statistics Consultative Panel reviewed the performance of India’s natural rubber sector during its 29th meeting at the Rubber Board Headquarters in Kottayam. The panel, which includes representatives from small and large growers, producers’ societies, dealers, processors and tyre manufacturers, examined key indicators such as production, consumption, imports and exports. India remains the sixth-largest natural rubber producer globally.

Indian natural rubber production grew by 3.4 percent in the 2025-26 period, rising to 905,000 tonnes from 875,000 tonnes the previous year. Favourable weather across major rubber-growing regions increased tapping days and productivity. Board initiatives like rain guarding, self-tapping, scientific practices, skill programmes and disease control supported output, while Kerala’s Rubber Production Incentive Scheme also encouraged continued tapping.

Domestic natural rubber prices strengthened, renewing grower interest in tapping. Prices that rose sharply in 2024–25 showed relative stability in 2025–26, narrowing the gap with international rates. The trend continued into early 2026, with RSS-4 peaking at INR 262 per kg on 14 May. Meanwhile, total natural rubber demand rose 1.2 percent, though the auto tyre sector, accounting for nearly 64 percent of consumption, declined by 4.0 percent. The general rubber goods sector posted robust growth instead.

The panel noted a 16.7 percent decline in natural rubber imports, falling to 459,000 tonnes from 551,000 tonnes. However, imports of compounded rubber under HS Code 4005 increased significantly, reaching 349,000 tonnes from 245,000 tonnes in the previous year. Consumption of natural rubber rose 1.2 percent to 1,427,000 tonnes from 1,410,000 tonnes in 2024-25.

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Pyrum Innovations AG has secured unlimited delivery approval from Continental for its ThermoTireBlack (TTB), a recovered carbon black produced at the company’s new milling and pelletising facility in Dillingen/Saar. Following the approval, Continental officially commissioned all units tied to the plant expansion at Pyrum’s main site.

The milling and pelletising plant shifted to regular production in April 2026, operating at a capacity of 750 kilogrammes per hour. A short-term capability analysis conducted by Pyrum confirmed that ThermoTireBlack delivers consistent process conditions and stable, reproducible quality. After a subsequent audit, Continental granted full supply approval, specifically praising the new machine’s excellent short-term performance metric (Ppk).

This latest approval for TTB follows previous clearances granted in 2024 for the shredding plant and the TAD2 and TAD3 thermolysis reactors, giving Pyrum complete supply approval for its Dillingen/Saar facility. Through added improvement measures, the company expects to reach the target maximum TTB production volume after a planned modification in the third quarter of 2026, significantly expanding capacity and strengthening Pyrum’s role as an industrial raw material producer and pyrolysis technology leader.

Pascal Klein, CEO, Pyrum Innovations AG, said, “Continental’s unlimited delivery approval for our new milling and pelletising plant is a major milestone for Pyrum. It confirms not only the consistently high quality of our ThermoTireBlack but also the industrial maturity of our entire production chain. We are proud to meet the automotive industry’s high standards and to further expand our close and trusting partnership with Continental. With the approval of the new plant, we are laying the foundation for further growth and a significant increase in revenue in the current year.”

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