In a candid interaction with Tyre Trends, freelance tyre testing specialist Juuli Raatikainen shares her views on the intricacies of tyre testing, the role of women in the industry, simulation and the road ahead, reports Nilesh Wadhwa.

“Women have been driving cars for decades, so why not be part of the tyre and automotive testing industry? I believe the bigger question and challenge is how the industry (tyre and automotive) can think beyond gender. The tyre testing industry is huge, but there are not many direct studies to learn about it and become part of it,” remarked Juuli Raatikainen, the 28-year-old test driver and mechanic who has been offering freelance services for tyre testing for the last four years.

INITIAL JOURNEY

It is no secret that tyre testing is not a widely known field. A simple internet search for the world’s top 10 racers or motorsport celebrities will return mostly male sports personalities.

For Raatikainen, the journey into tyre testing began as a test assistant in Lapland, Finland.

“I started my career as a test assistant. My passion for testing grew, and I was eager to learn more, working hard to gain knowledge. My efforts were noticed, and I received the necessary support. The decision to start my own company and operate as a freelancer was quite easy for me. In the first two years, I focused on gaining experience, testing time and learning as much as possible. I wanted to see tyre testing from different angles, companies and drivers. Today, I am happy to say that I have experience in tyre testing operations as a tyre mechanic, test assistant, instrumentation specialist and objective test driver. I am also engaged in testing tyres and vehicles for events and magazines,” she shared.

THE EVOLVING ROLE OF TYRE TESTING

Tyre testing has evolved over the years, from physical and mechanical assessments to indoor methods, including Tyre-in-the-Loop (TiL) testing, a form of hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) simulation. However, despite technological advancements, many tests still need to be conducted in real-world conditions to determine optimal solutions.

For example, a vehicle travelling in a sandy environment at a particular tyre pressure will have different braking times even at the same speed. The steering response, traction at different corners and slippage will also vary.

“I find simulators to be a good tool for all drivers and for hardware development. However, no one knows exactly how they will impact testing in the future. Many questions remain, and some conditions and types of tests cannot yet be simulated accurately. As a test driver, my main expertise is in winter testing. From my experience, winter conditions are particularly difficult to replicate artificially. Winter is a living, breathing element of nature, making it hard to forecast, as conditions can change very quickly,” she explained.

For tyre manufacturers, real-world testing is essential for finding the right conditions and weather. For instance, summer tyres cannot be tested in winter, nor can Nordic spike tyres be tested in warm conditions. “It is a challenge for companies to run tyre tests year-round and across different locations. Agility is key,” Raatikainen added.

Tyre testing falls into two main categories: objective and subjective. Objective testing relies on instruments to assess tyre performance, while subjective testing depends on the driver’s evaluation.

“As a freelancer, I work across different processes. Transparency with clients is my priority. It’s about what I do and how I do it. Trust is one of the key values I bring to the table,” she explained.

KEY LEARNINGS & TYRE SAFETY

As a test driver, Raatikainen has firsthand experience of how tyre choices impact performance and safety in different conditions.

“Statistics show that one of the most common mistakes drivers make is using the wrong type of tyres for their environment and weather conditions. When selecting tyres, it’s crucial to consider two key questions: Where will I be driving, and in what weather conditions? These simple considerations can significantly impact safety,” she added.

Most tyres have a wear indicator on the tread to signal when they need replacement, but these warnings are often ignored.

According to data from the Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH), India recorded 461,312 road accidents in 2022, resulting in 155,781 fatal cases. Despite tyres having a significant influence on vehicular control, they are rarely cited as a primary cause of accidents.

When replacing tyres, it is also crucial to check their manufacturing date. Raatikainen emphasises that even a ‘new’ tyre must be evaluated based on its production date, as rubber degrades over time, regardless of use.

“Regularly checking tyre condition is just as important as choosing the right type. Ensure tyres have adequate tread depth, are free from cracks or bulges and are properly inflated. These simple maintenance habits can extend tyre life and improve safety,” she added.

FUTURE TRENDS IMPACTING THE TYRE INDUSTRY

New-age vehicles and tightening regulations are pushing industry players towards sustainability and reducing their carbon footprint.

For the tyre industry, environmentally friendly sourcing, production and materials remain key focus areas. From a tester’s perspective, what does the future hold?

“I am excited about advancements in simulation technology and their impact on the tyre industry. Another major trend is the growing emphasis on indoor testing for winter tyres, which addresses unpredictable weather challenges and helps distribute testing workloads more efficiently,” she said.

A third emerging trend is smart tyre technology.

“While modern vehicles are equipped with advanced systems, tyres have yet to integrate similar innovations. The questions of when this technology will arrive, how it will develop and what features it will bring are incredibly exciting. I look forward to seeing how smart tyres will enhance safety, performance and the driving experience,” Raatikainen concluded.

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Balkrishna Industries (BKT) reported a six percent rise in quarterly volumes and commissioned additional carbon black capacity, even as US tariffs and volatile commodity prices weighed on parts of its export business.

The company’s sales volumes rose to 80,620 metric tonnes in the quarter to December 2025, up six percent year on year and about 15 percent higher than the previous quarter. For the first nine months, volumes were 231,536 metric tonnes, down onepercent from a year earlier.

Standalone revenue for the quarter was INR 26.82 billion, up 4 per cent year on year, including a realised foreign exchange loss of Rs 470 million relating to sales. For the nine months, revenue was Rs 77.62 billion, broadly flat, including a realised forex loss of Rs 1.17 billion.

Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation were Rs 6.05 billion for the quarter, with a margin of 22.5 percent. For the nine months, EBITDA was INR 17.6 billion, down 11 percent year on year, with a margin of 22.7 percent. Profit after tax for the quarter was INR 3.75 billion, and INR 9.27 billion for the nine-month period.

Rajiv Poddar, Joint Managing Director of BKT, said the “geopolitical and macroeconomic environment continues to remain challenged and the situation with U.S. tariffs remain unchanged”.

In the US, sales momentum improved sequentially after a weak second quarter. Poddar said the group had regained some momentum by sharing the tariff burden with distributors. “Because of our strong brand positioning and quality and some major chunk of the tariffs to be shared between us and our channel partners, we have been able to gain some of the momentum that we had lost in the Q2,” he said.

He declined to quantify the impact of tariffs on margins, but confirmed that costs were being shared. Channel inventory in the US and Europe was “at par at where it should be”.

India remained the strongest market, supported by lower goods and services tax rates and favourable monsoon conditions. The domestic portfolio is split roughly 60 percent industrial and construction tyres and 40 percent agricultural tyres. Higher India contribution has a “slightly lower” average selling price, Poddar said, but margins have remained broadly stable.

In Europe, demand improved sequentially as earlier destocking eased. The European Union Deforestation Regulation, originally due to take effect from January 2026, has been deferred by one year. Madhusudan Bajaj, Senior President and Chief Financial Officer, said the current import duty into Europe is four percent, though the impact of the proposed free trade agreement with the EU is not yet clear.

Freight costs were about 5 percent of revenue in the quarter and are expected to remain in that range.

On raw materials, Bajaj said oil and natural rubber prices were moving higher, but it was “too early to say what will be the impact”. The average euro rate in the quarter was about INR 97.

Capital expenditure remains elevated. The company has spent about INR 22 billion in the first nine months of the financial year and expects total spending of roughly INR 25–26 billion in FY2026, with the balance of committed projects to be completed in the following year.

During the quarter, BKT commissioned a new carbon black line, taking total capacity to 265,000 metric tonnes per annum. The incremental capacity is intended for external sales rather than captive consumption. Carbon black accounted for less than 10 percent of revenue in the quarter, with margins expected to align with industry averages.

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ZAFCO, a leading global manufacturer and distributor of automotive tyres, batteries and lubricants, has strengthened its corporate governance with the addition of Hee Se Ahn to its Board as an Independent Director, effective 1 January 2026. Bringing over three decades of specialised industry experience, Ahn is recognised for his extensive leadership in the global tyre sector.

His professional background is deeply rooted in international commerce, with significant achievements in overseas sales, strategic marketing and high-level management across key markets in Asia, Europe and the Americas. Prior to this appointment, his career included senior roles such as Executive Vice President at Nexen Tire and Managing Director at Hankook Tire, based in Seoul. Throughout his career, he has been instrumental in fostering international expansion and enhancing market positions while leading diverse, cross-regional teams, solidifying his status as a respected figure in the industry.

Zafar Hussain, Executive Director, ZAFCO Group, said, “We are pleased to welcome Hee Se Ahn to the Board of ZAFCO. His extensive international experience in sales, marketing and regional leadership will bring valuable perspectives to the company. His deep understanding of the global tyre industry will be a strong asset to both the Board and the management team.”

Amir Abbas, Executive Director, ZAFCO Group, said, “We are delighted to welcome Hee Se Ahn to the ZAFCO Board. He brings with him a global business mindset and rich insights into leadership and international business transformation. We look forward to his contributions as we continue to strengthen our global presence.”

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Nokian Tyres has approved an updated strategy and financial targets through to the end of 2029, setting a net sales objective of €1.8 billion–€2 billion and outlining measures to strengthen profitability and reduce leverage.

The Finnish tyre maker said it would prioritise sustainable, value-driven growth following what it described as the most significant transformation in its history.

“Over the past years, Nokian Tyres has navigated the most significant transformations in its history. This period has been a complete strategic reset as we rebuilt the new Nokian Tyres platform. As we now enter the next phase of our development, we will refocus on sustainable, value-driven growth. This positions us to take better control of the unpredictable also in the future and will reduce our exposure to geopolitical risks,” said President And Chief Executive Paolo Pompei.

Under the revised targets, the company aims for segments EBITDA of more than 24 percent and segments operating profit above 15 percent. It also intends to keep net debt to segments EBITDA below 2.

Nokian Tyres will continue to use segments EBITDA as its primary profitability metric and has defined a range for net sales rather than a single figure.

The group reiterated its dividend policy, targeting distribution of at least 50 percent of net earnings.

Strategically, Nokian Tyres said it would focus on its core segments. In passenger car tyres, it aims to maintain a market-leading position in winter tyres and deliver above-market growth in the all-season and all-weather categories. In heavy tyres, it is targeting above-market growth in agricultural and forestry tyres.

Vianor will continue to serve as a European sales and service channel for both passenger car and heavy tyres.

The company said market trends including electrification, a growing car parc, increasing rim sizes and rising demand for winter tyres support development in its chosen segments.

“Our updated financial targets set a clear direction for the future and reflect our ambition to create sustainable value for our shareholders. Profitability improvement will be driven both by volume growth and by more than EUR 100 million coming from targeted performance initiatives. While maintaining strong performance in the Nordics, we aim to accelerate growth in North America and Central Europe. We will prioritize value creation through premium positioning, improved product mix and disciplined cost and operational efficiency,” Pompei said.

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Carter’s Tyre Service has announced that Rob Watson will take on the role of Chief Executive Officer, adding this responsibility to his existing position as CEO of NTAW NZ. His appointment marks a significant development for the company, drawing on deep experience gained across New Zealand and the Pacific region.

Known for driving performance improvement and strengthening customer relationships, Watson brings a proven ability to lead service-oriented organisations. His focus will be on enhancing operational performance, supporting customers and empowering teams to maintain consistent service standards nationwide.

This leadership transition coincides with the forthcoming retirement of Mike Hollier in April. Hollier will remain actively involved in the coming months to facilitate a seamless handover. The company has acknowledged his valuable leadership and lasting contribution throughout his time with Carter’s Tyre Service.

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