Designed with standard tyre  construction, self-sealing tyres have a great feature on the tyre durability having designed inner lining of the tyre—an extra lining of sticky gel-like polymer sealant , that helps in sealing tyre leaks. Such tyres are already in the market; Continental and Michelin are the major manufacturers worldwide for self-sealing tyres.

Continental  developed and designed to seal a damaged tyre tread. In case of penetration by foreign objects such as nails, for example (Fig.1), there is no need for immediate roadside tyre changes, and holes remain sealed even if the puncturing object becomes dislodged. Self-sealing tyre gel is a sticky, viscous sealant layer. They are designed to fix most tread-area punctures instantly and permanently and are not necessarily required to get to be repaired.  

In such tyre, Self-sealing gel is poured inside a tyre and remains in contact with tyre inner-liner (Fig.2) and is a type of an extra lining of sticky gel-like polymer  sealant,  a patented liquid, injected through tyre valve under pressure. A liquid contains patented polymer and fibre. During Puncture, when air rushes through, it also carries the gel liquid and solidifies there, causing air sealing. A tyre sealant is a complete puncture preventative, tyre repair and maintenance solution. It is a liquid and gel base substance, with the primary composition being either glycerine or latex and they are specially formulated with advanced Kevlar fibres, rubber particles and cooling agents, the solution permanently seals punctures and protects the tyre.

While the number of cars with run-flat tyres continues to grow slow, and the promise of airless tyres is on the horizon, it seems that long forgotten self-sealing tyres are finally reaching practicality. According to a recent article in the Detroit Free Press, Michelin tyres with their Selfseal technology will be available on the 2020 Ford Explorer. They are already fitted to the Chevrolet Bolt EV. Michelin's Selfseal technology uses a coating inside the tyre that can almost instantly fill in a nail or bolt hole up to a quarter of an inch in diameter (Fig.3).

Both run-flats and self-sealers are all about the tread. A cut in the sidewall will compromise a self-supporting run-flat tyre’s ability to hold up the vehicle. Self-sealing tyres do not have a sealant layer in the sidewall, and they can only handle punctures up to a certain size in the tread. Self-sealing tyres contain an inner layer of sealant material along the tread. If a nail or other foreign object punctures the tyre, the sealant layer closes the hole to prevent the air from escaping, and the tyre stays inflated and the self-sealing tyre will be having a typical symbol code on the tyre sidewall (Fig.4) to identify this class of tyres.

Self-sealing tyres are designed to fix most tread-area punctures instantly and permanently. These tyres feature standard tyre construction with the exception of an extra lining inside the tyre under the tread area that might be coated with a puncture sealant that can permanently seal most punctures from nails, bolts or screws up to 3/16 of an inch in diameter.

Since  these tyres are designed to seal the tyre immediately upon being punctured, most drivers will never even know that they just had a puncture. Also, because these tyres feature standard tyre constructions, self-sealing tyres may not require a low air pressure warning system (TPMS).

In such tyres, the puncture holes remain sealed with sticky gel even if the puncturing object becomes dislodged. Self-sealing tyre gel  is a sticky, viscous sealant layer. They are designed to fix most tread-area punctures instantly and permanently.  Self Sealing gel inside a tyre and in contact with tyre inner-liner  is an extra lining of sticky gel-like polymer  sealant,  a patented liquid, injected through tyre valve under pressure. A liquid contains patented polymer and fibre. During Puncture, when air rushes through, it also carries liquid and solidifies there, causing air sealing.

A tyre sealant is a complete puncture preventative, tyre repair and maintenance solution. It is a liquid and gel base substance, with the primary composition being either glycerin or latex. Specially formulated with advanced Kevlar fibers, rubber particles and cooling agents, the solution permanently seals punctures and protects the tyre. Tyre sealants have been adapted for every tyre usage, from bicycles, motorbikes, cars and agriculture to the most extraneous mining and military conditions.

These tyres have been reported to continue to operate years without getting the tread repaired. A few major tyre companies in the self-sealing tyre market are among ; ContiSeal  by Continental AG, DuraSeal by Goodyear Tyre & Rubber Co., Sealguard by Hankook Tyre Co. Ltd., and Seal Inside by Pirelli Tyre LLC ,NailGard by Uniroyal Goodrich Tyre Co. A few highlights of self-sealing tyres are:

• The sealant is just a layer inside a conventional tyre, and the ride is not affected.
• While a tyre pressure monitoring system is useful, self-sealing tyres can be used on vehicles that are not equipped with TPMS.
• They do not require a specialized rim, or special equipment to mount them.
• You can mix them with conventional tyres on a vehicle.
• There are not many downsides to self-sealing tyres. There is a limit to the size of nail or screw puncture that the tyre can handle, usually about 5mm in diameter, and ideally near the middle of the tread.
• The sealant layer is not for deep cuts across the tread, or cuts or punctures in the sidewall.
• While the tyre can close the puncture wound and prevent air loss, the tyre should still be examined and repaired if necessary.
• The technology still is not that common among many tyre companies.
• They are generally more expensive than a regular tyre.

*smajumdar501234@yahoo.co.in

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Fornnax has officially launched one of the world's largest integrated hubs for recycling innovation: a New Product Development centre and demo plant spanning over 12 acres. This facility is a critical milestone in the company's strategic vision to become a global leader in recycling solutions by 2030. It is designed to accelerate the advancement of recycling technology through a comprehensive, customer-focused approach.

The centre’s core function is its New Product Development framework, which is built upon a meticulous Gate Review Process. This system ensures precision from conception to completion. The journey begins with market research and ideation from the Sales and Marketing team, followed by a strategic review by the Leadership Team. The Design Team then creates detailed plans that are evaluated by Manufacturing, Service and Safety teams. After final approval, a functional prototype is built and subjected to a rigorous six to eight-month validation phase. The process concludes with design optimisation for mass production, officially launching the equipment for the global market. This method not just upgrades Fornnax's shredders and granulators – enhancing their capacity, energy efficiency and operational availability to 18–20 hours per day – but also validates the equipment for up to 3,000–15,000 hours under real-world conditions

A key feature of the facility is its open-door policy for clients. Customers can bring their specific materials to the demo plant to test equipment performance across various machines and conditions, providing a risk-free environment for informed investment decisions. The centre will also drive research into emerging recycling applications, such as E-waste, cables and lithium-ion batteries, where specialised engineering teams will conduct feasibility studies to design tailored solutions.

Beyond technology, the facility includes an OEM training centre dedicated to developing a skilled workforce. The programme trains operators and maintenance engineers, who gain hands-on experience before being deployed to support Fornnax's customer base. The company will also deliver comprehensive corporate training to domestic and international clients, empowering them with the expertise for optimal plant operation and maintenance. By uniting R&D, testing and training under one roof, Fornnax is establishing a powerful foundation to scale its offerings and lead the next generation of recycling technology.

Jignesh Kundariya, Director and CEO, Fornnax, said, "Innovation in product development is the key to success of becoming a global leader. With this new facility, we now have the speed, flexibility and controlled environment to design, test and validate new technologies in just six to eight months, something that would take significantly 4–5 years at a customer site. Each machine will undergo validation according to global standards, with every critical part and assembly rigorously tested under Engineering Build (EB) and Manufacturing Build (MB) protocols. Our goal is to empower customers with clarity and confidence before they invest. This facility allows them to test their own materials under real-world conditions, compare machines and see results firsthand. It’s not just about selling equipment; it’s about building trust through transparency and delivering solutions that truly work for their unique needs.”

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Smithers, the US-based testing and consulting group, is expanding its tyre testing operations in China with three new capabilities designed to better replicate real-world driving conditions. The investment will enhance the company’s rolling-resistance testing at its Suzhou tyre and wheel centre, strengthening its offering to global carmakers and tyre manufacturers.

The new features focus on factors that can influence vehicle energy loss, range, and overall efficiency—a growing concern as regulators tighten standards and EV makers push for longer driving range.

One new capability will allow rolling-resistance testing to be carried out with variations in slip and camber angles for passenger car and light truck tyres. Standard tests are performed at zero degrees, but even small changes in wheel alignment or body movement during real driving can affect energy consumption. The enhanced system lets customers study these effects and refine tyre designs accordingly.

Smithers is also adding high- and low-temperature rolling-resistance testing for truck and bus tyres, an extension of the temperature-controlled testing it introduced for passenger tyres in 2022. The company said demand has risen as manufacturers look to understand how cold weather affects range—a key issue for electric commercial vehicles.

A third new service will allow tyres to be tested together with chassis components such as half-shafts and brake discs. This gives OEMs independent data on how these parts contribute to overall resistance, helping them to identify where energy is being lost and to fine-tune vehicle efficiency.

All three capabilities are expected to be online by 1 December 2025.

“Smithers is seeing increased demand on a global scale for testing of tires and vehicles that more closely mimics real-world conditions,” said Derek Read, Vice President of Asia Pacific / Global Development, Materials Science and Engineering, Smithers. “These new capabilities are strategic investments into the refined, scenario-based testing our clients require to improve both tire and tire-chassis-vehicle system performance.”

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Continental's Hannover-Stöcken plant is pioneering a new era in sustainable manufacturing by seamlessly integrating advanced robotics into its core operations. Since their deployment in March 2025, a team of seven autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) has become the central nervous system for material transport, fundamentally reshaping the workflow for retreading truck and bus tyres.

This shift to automation has profoundly changed the human role on the production floor. Employees, once tasked with the physically strenuous job of manually moving heavy tyres using cranes and trolleys, are now focused on more cognitively demanding responsibilities. Their expertise is directed towards machine setup, process oversight and meticulous quality control, making their work more ergonomic and skilled.

The AMRs operate with sophisticated independence, navigating the production hall using a fusion of sensors, 360-degree cameras and AI-driven software. They efficiently ferry ‘green’ tyres between critical stages: from the building machine, where fresh rubber is applied, to the curing presses for vulcanisation and finally towards inspection. This automated coordination is digitally linked to the plant's order system, allowing for dynamic routing to optimise workflow and manage capacity.

This initiative is a cornerstone of Continental's global strategy to modernize tyre production through digitalisation and smart automation. The success in Hannover has already inspired the rollout of similar robotic solutions across the company's international network, from North America to Asia. The move aligns perfectly with the plant's sustainable mission, which is the ContiLifeCycle process itself. This process breathes new life into used tyre casings by carefully inspecting them, applying new tread rubber and vulcanising them to create a product that performs like new. The environmental benefit is substantial, as up to 70 percent of the original tyre's material is reused, significantly conserving resources.

The human element was crucial to the project's success. Continental ensured widespread employee acceptance through comprehensive training and even involved the workforce in christening the robots with creative names. This thoughtful approach has cemented the AMRs not as mere machines but as valued teammates in a shared mission to make tyre production more efficient, sustainable and future-ready.

Felix Hantelmann, head of the ContiLifeCycle plant, said, “Self-driving robots have been supporting our production workflow for six months now. They handle simple, repetitive transport tasks such as moving a tyre from one point to another. The robots are directly connected to our digital order system, so they know exactly where to go and how to coordinate with each other to get there. They are a valuable addition to our daily operations and help create a safe, efficient and ergonomically optimised production environment.”

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Continental's leadership in reducing tyre wear is fundamentally driven by its pioneering research into how particles are generated. A pivotal element of this strategy is the recently concluded OLRAP project, a collaboration with the Technical University of Braunschweig that broke new ground in real-world particle analysis. The research team engineered a complex experimental vehicle, outfitting it with a custom vacuum system and sensitive particle sensors. This innovative setup enabled the real-time collection and analysis of airborne particles directly at their source – the rolling tyre – under actual driving conditions. The resulting data, which for the first time correlates specific driving dynamics like aggressive acceleration and hard cornering with particle emissions, provides an unprecedented understanding of wear patterns.

This deep, data-driven insight is what directly fuels Continental's product development. By knowing precisely how and when wear occurs, engineers can make targeted optimisations to tread patterns and rubber compounds. The objective is to systematically design tyres that shed less material, thereby directly reducing their environmental footprint from abrasion. This development process rigorously maintains the critical safety and performance standards that drivers demand.

The tangible success of this research-to-development pipeline is confirmed by independent analysis, which shows Continental tyres abrade 11 percent less material than the competitor average. Furthermore, this proactive research and development strategically prepares the company for upcoming regulations like the Euro 7 standard, which will impose limits on tyre wear emissions. Beyond its own laboratories, Continental extends this commitment through cross-industry efforts, co-chairing the Tire Industry Project and contributing to public initiatives aimed at capturing tyre particles from road runoff. Through this integrated approach, Continental is leveraging fundamental scientific discovery to create more sustainable mobility solutions.

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