Survey shows 73% found doing business more difficult in 2024, despite supply chain onshoring trend

European business confidence in China has plummeted to record lows across multiple key metrics, according to a survey released , even as companies increasingly move their supply chains into the country.

The European Business in China Business Confidence Survey 2025, conducted by the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China with Roland Berger, found that 73 percent of respondents reported doing business in China became more difficult year-on-year in 2024 - a record high that marks a five-percentage point increase from the previous year.

The findings highlight the complex dynamics facing multinational corporations operating in the world's second-largest economy, where regulatory hurdles and geopolitical tensions are weighing on sentiment despite the competitive advantages of Chinese manufacturing.

A record 63 percent of respondents said they missed business opportunities in 2024 due to market access and regulatory barriers, representing a five percentage point increase from the previous year. Looking ahead, 44 percent expect to encounter more regulatory obstacles over the next five years.

The survey revealed that 71 percent of companies expect their China operations to be negatively affected by the country’s economic slowdown over the next two years, whilst 60 percent remain pessimistic about competitive pressures in their sectors.

Political considerations have also become more prominent, with 52 per cent  reporting that China's business environment became more politicised in 2024. The chamber noted this figure was likely to have increased since the survey was conducted before the US-China tariff increases were implemented in April 2025.

Despite the challenging environment, the survey uncovered a notable trend towards supply chain localisation within China. Some 26 percent of respondents reported they are partly or fully onshoring their supply chains into the country - a five percentage point increase year-on-year. By contrast, only 13 percent are offshoring or establishing alternative supply chains elsewhere.

Companies cited the need to strengthen supply chain resilience and leverage competitive Chinese manufacturing capabilities as the primary drivers behind this onshoring trend.

The confidence crisis has translated into record-low optimism about profitability and growth prospects. Only 12 percent of respondents expressed optimism about near- and medium-term profitability, whilst just 29 percent were positive about growth outlook.

A historic low of 38 percent reported plans to expand their China operations, compared with 36% who have no expansion plans. Meanwhile, 52 percent indicated cost-cutting measures are planned, matching last year's record high.

"Uncertainty resulting from escalating trade and geopolitical tensions, concerns about China's domestic economy and persistent producer price deflation weigh on the minds of both European and Chinese companies," said Jens Eskelund, president of the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China.

"Our key message to policymakers is: the disparity between supply growth and demand is eroding both profits and business confidence. Achieving a better balance, will not only benefit companies and make China a more attractive investment destination but may also lead to a reduction in trade tensions."

Denis Depoux, global managing director of Roland Berger, said the findings reflected broader shifts in the global economy rather than simple decline.

"A new, more fragmented globalisation is taking shape, while China's economy is stabilising with slower growth and greater competition – signalling transformation rather than decline," Depoux said.

"This evolving landscape presents fresh challenges for multinational companies, requiring highly localised China and Asia operations, fully integrated from R&D to customer service. MNCs must leverage regional supply chain hubs, partnerships with Chinese firms and local ecosystems, and innovative business models to successfully adapt and compete in this dynamic environment."

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Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. has been recognised as a Supplier Engagement Leader in CDP's 2024 assessment, achieving the highest rating for its efforts in collaborating with suppliers to address climate change.

CDP, a global environmental nonprofit, evaluates companies based on governance, targets, Scope 3 emissions, risk management and supplier engagement. This marks Yokohama Rubber’s third consecutive year and sixth overall time receiving top honours in CDP’s climate change evaluation.

Committed to achieving net-zero CO₂ emissions from its operations by 2050, the company has actively worked to reduce its environmental impact across the supply chain. Since 2013, it has disclosed Scope 3 emissions and implemented the Yokohama Green Procurement Guidelines to encourage sustainable material sourcing. Through annual CSR briefings, Yokohama Rubber engages suppliers in its carbon neutrality initiatives, fostering cooperation to lower emissions throughout the supply chain.

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Hankook Tire has published its 16th annual ESG Report for 2024/25, detailing its sustainability achievements and future strategies aligned with its global ESG vision focused on Eco Value Chain, Sustainable Products and Responsible Engagement. The report adopts a comprehensive framework that evaluates social, environmental and financial impacts in line with the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS), emphasising enhanced biodiversity disclosures compliant with international guidelines like the TNFD.

Key focus areas include eight major management priorities such as climate action, resource efficiency, human rights and innovation. Hankook Tire is also strengthening its response to global ESG regulations, including the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), through a dedicated committee overseeing natural rubber supply chain management.

To support sustainable growth, the company has an ESG Committee under its Board of Directors, operational since 2021. It is also driving circular economy initiatives, such as commercialising Korea’s first tyre using chemically recycled PET fibre and mass-producing EV tyres with 77 percent ISCC PLUS-certified sustainable materials.

Beyond environmental efforts, Hankook Tire engages in social initiatives, including biodiversity conservation, employee development and community partnerships. Its long-term commitment to sustainability dates back to 2009, with milestones like the 2018 sustainable rubber policy and the 2023 board performance evaluations to enhance governance transparency.

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ZC Rubber has successfully commenced production of its first all-terrain vehicle (ATV) tyre at its Indonesian subsidiary, PT. Matahari Tire Indonesia (MTI), marking a strategic expansion into specialised mobility segments.

MTI’s state-of-the-art factory, covering 500,000 square metres, is strategically located in a region rich in natural rubber resources. Equipped with advanced digital technology and staffed by a highly skilled workforce, the facility is poised to meet the growing demand for high-quality tyres in both local and international markets, including the United States.

ZC Rubber’s investment in Indonesia provides access to vital raw materials and strengthens its global supply chain. The facility is poised to serve both local needs and support ZC Rubber’s international market expansion, reinforcing the company’s commitment to innovation, quality, and sustainable development.

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South Korean tyre maker achieves second consecutive quarterly revenue record despite raw material pressures

South Korean tyre manufacturer NEXEN TIRE reported record quarterly revenue for the second consecutive period on Thursday, posting consolidated sales of 804.7 billion won in the second quarter as increased European production capacity and recovering US demand offset global automotive sector uncertainties.

The company’s operating profit reached 42.6 billion won in the three months to June, remaining stable from the previous quarter despite ongoing pressure from elevated raw material costs that began in late 2024.

The strong performance was primarily attributed to enhanced production following the completion of Phase 2 expansion at NEXEN TIRE’s Czech Republic facility, combined with targeted regional sales strategies that secured key supply volumes across both original equipment and replacement market segments.

US sales strengthened further in the second quarter, building momentum from the first-quarter recovery after experiencing a temporary decline in the latter half of 2024. Expanded retail distribution partnerships supported the improvement, the company said.

In the Asia-Pacific region, Australia and Japan delivered record sales volumes, driven by continued investment in distribution network development.

Ocean freight costs provided some margin relief, though the company continued to face headwinds from raw material price increases that began in late 2024. However, NEXEN TIRE expects improved profitability in the second half as key input costs have been trending downward since early 2025.

During the first six months of 2025, the tyre maker began supplying original equipment tyres for 11 vehicle models, including the Hyundai NEXO, Kia EV4 and TASMAN, whilst deepening partnerships with global automakers, including premium brands.

The company said it would implement gradual price adjustments in the US market in response to recent tariff policy changes, focusing on expanding high-margin products and strategically reallocating global supply volumes to mitigate profitability risks.

“Despite persistent macroeconomic challenges, NEXEN TIRE achieved record-breaking sales for two consecutive quarters by maintaining balanced growth across both OE and RE segments,” said Chief Executive John Bosco (Hyeon Suk) Kim. “We will continue to reinforce our global competitiveness through strategic partnerships and region-specific initiatives.”

NEXEN TIRE has been building brand awareness through localised marketing efforts across North America, Europe, the Middle East, and the Asia-Pacific regions whilst expanding its retail presence through strategic distributor partnerships.

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